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Arterial Hypertension, Morbid Obesity and Periodontal Diseases in Patients Who are Candidates for Bariatric Surgery: Exploring the Role of Inflammation

Silvia Helena de Carvalho Sales-Peres*

Arterial hypertension and periodontal diseases in morbidly obese patients who are candidates for bariatric surgery may represent major risk factor for the development ofseveral comorbidities. These patients exhibita chronic inflammatory state caused by inflammatory cytokines. Vascular inflammation consists of the release of inflammatory mediators that increase vascular permeability; promote changes in the cytoskeleton of endothelial cells, which resulting in an imbalance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction.In this process, vasoconstriction becomes more intense, causing an increase in blood pressure and the C-reactive protein plays an important role. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that the association between periodontitis and arterial hypertension can be mediated by hypertension itself, which causes microcirculatory changes in the gingival tissue, leading to ischemia, increased inflammation and/or alteration of the dental biofilm components. Thus, patients with arterial hypertension, morbid obese and periodontitis have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.