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HPLC Determination of Selected Flavonoid Glycosides and their Corresponding Aglycones in Sutherlandia frutescens Materials

Mbamalu ON, Antunes E, Silosini N, Samsodien H and Syce J

Sutherlandia frutescens is a popular South African plant commercially available in a range of formulations. However, reference standards for quality and stability assessment are lacking. This work reports the development and validation of a reversed phase HPLC method for the analysis of flavonoid glycosides and their corresponding aglycones in S. frutescens products. Five materials containing either leaf powder (LP) or spray-dried aqueous extract (SDAE) of S. frutescens were analysed for flavonoid content. A primary objective was to isolate non-commercially available flavonoid glycoside compounds (sutherlandins) for use as reference standards. Sutherlandins A, B, C and D were successfully isolated, and used, with other flavonoid compounds for HPLC assay development. The developed HPLC method was linear in the range of 0.2 to 60 μg/ml for quercitrin; 0.2 to 120 μg/ml for quercetin and kaempferol; 0.2 to 200 μg/ml for rutin and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside; 4 to 180 μg/ml for sutherlandins A and D; and 4 to 200 μg/ml for sutherlandins B and C. Percentage content of sutherlandins A, B, C and D, quercetin and kaempferol in different plant materials were significantly different (P<0.001). The developed HPLC method is simple, precise and robust; and can be employed for the simultaneous determination of flavonoid glycosides and aglycones for quality control of S. frutescens products.