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The Probiotics: A Mini Review of Their Benefits and Biological Effects

Wondimagegn Eba

The term ‘microbiota’ refers to the bacteria, archaea, micro eukaryotes and viruses that share the human body space and function in a commensal, symbiotic or pathogenic relationship. Exactly which microbiota develops is dependent on factors such as: The method of delivery and the environment in which birth takes place, the mother’s microbiota and the manner of feeding microbes are often called the “forgotten organ”, due to its crucial role in physiology in healthy humans.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer a health benefit when consumed in adequate amounts, suggested by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/World Health Organization (WHO) in 2002. The most commonly used probiotics are Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Saccharomyces boulardii. Probiotic products have been developed for a wide variety of health claims. Benefits associated with them have been reported scientifically by many independent research groups in several academic journals. These benefits include lowering intestinal pH, reducing the colonization of pathogenic bacteria, improving the host immune system, treatment some diarrhea types, improve oral flora and positive effects in emotion, cognition and other psychological processes. More researches have suggested that the probiotic activities also positive influence the aiding the lactose intolerance systems, shortening of rotavirus diarrhea.