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Recent Breakthroughs and Future Views in Artificial Intelligence-Based Computer Vision in Surgery

Rebecca Brown

Surgery has progressed thanks to technological advancements, particularly Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), such as laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery. As a result, the number of technologies in the operating room has increased. They can offer additional details regarding a surgical process, such as instrumentation and trajectory. The quantity of information collected from a surgical video shot by an endoscope is particularly impressive among various surgery-related technologies. As a result, data analysis automation is critical in surgery to decrease data complexity while enhancing its value to allow new research and development opportunities. Computer Vision (CV) is a branch of research that aims to automate activities that may be accomplished by the human visual system by understanding how computers can perceive digital pictures or movies. Because this discipline encompasses all aspects of real-world data capture by computers, the name "CV" is broad, including anything from image sensor hardware to AI-based picture identification. In recent years, AI-based picture recognition for simple tasks, such as identifying photos, has evolved to the point where it is similar to humans. Although surgical video recognition is a more difficult and difficult challenge, if we can successfully apply it to MIS, it will lead to future surgical improvements like intraoperative decision assistance and image navigation surgery. Automated surgery may become a reality in the future. In this paper, we review current advancements in AI-related surgery research and development, as well as prospects.