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Posterior Urethral Valves Disorder in Non-Twin Siblings: Case Report and Literature Review

Lucas Medeiros Burttet, Tiago Elias Rosito, Gustavo Baldino Nabinger, Milton Berger and Brasil Silva Neto

Although a rare condition, Posterior Urethral Valves (PUVs) are the most common obstructive cause of chronic renal disease in children. In order to provide an early diagnosis, it is crucial to identify families with a high risk of developing this disorder. Here, we report a rare case of non-twin siblings with PUV. The first sibling was diagnosed at 2 months of age, presenting with renal insufficiency and managed properly. Despite the brother’s history and general prenatal care, the second sibling presented with the same disorder, at 3 months of age, suffering from acute renal insufficiency, urinary tract infection and severe anemia, revealing even more important complications than the first sibling. We have reviewed the 12 cases of non-twin siblings previously reported in the literature, and noticed that in the majority of these families, late diagnosis was observed. Herein, we discuss aspects of management of the disorder, and highlight the importance of specific antenatal evaluation in boys with a positive family history.