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Optimisation of Extraction of Phaleria Macrocarpa Leaves

Nor Fariza, Luqman Chuah A, Pin KY, Dayang Radiah AB, Umi Kalsom Y and Adawiah I

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl known as mahkota dewa has been used traditionally to treat cancer, impotency, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, blood pressure and various skin diseases by Indonesians. Through recent study, this plant has been proven to treat cancer. Phalerin is one of the major compounds in this plant which is believed to contribute to cure cancer cell. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effect of solid-to-solvent ratio, particle sizes and temperature on the yield of extract and concentration of phalerin. The result obtained from this experiment enabled one to optimize and develop the extraction kinetics model. The solid liquid extraction is used to extract the compounds from the plants. The process is carried out by using water as solvents and using leaves at various particle sizes, solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:10 to 1:50 (g/ml), temperature of 40 to 80°C and last up to 5 hours. The crude extract was analyzed to determine the yield and HPLC analysis was used to determine the concentration of phalerin present. From the study, the optimum parameters for the extraction phalerin from Phaleria macrocarpa leaves are at 70°C using 1:20 (g/ml) solid-to-solvent ratio and particle size of <250 μm for 120 minutes