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IN-VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF PIPER BETEL LEAF EXTRACTS

Fawad Ali Bangash, Hashmi A.N., Mahboob A., Zahid M., Hamid B., Muhammad S.A., Shah Z.U., Afzaal H.

Ethanol, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Piper betel leaf were tested against Grampositive (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas putida, Salmonella typhi ATCC 19430, Shigella flexneri ATCC 25929, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 33347, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 49565) bacterial strains by Agar-well Diffusion Method. All the crude extracts showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity inhibiting both the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Petroleum ether extracts of Piper betel were found to be least effective against most of the tested organisms. Moderate antibacterial activity has been studied with chloroform extracts while ethanolic fractions have been investigated to show optimum activity against nearly all chosen strains. Levofloxacin, the semi-synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic was used as standard Compare to levofloxacin, bio active fractions of Piper betel showed maximum activity against the Klebsiella pneumonia. This study reports the possible activity of Piper betel leaf in arresting the growth of selected bacterial strains. It has been expected that the present work on antimicrobial isolation of the plant bio active parts will lead to the researchers who continue work that may bring clinical success concerning the fatal diseases.