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Development of Therapeutic Antibody Technology And Recent Perspectives For Leukemia-Lymphoma Treatment

Shimuye Kalayu Yirga, Minhui Lin, Zhongyang Huang, Jianda Hu

Advancement of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to be accepted as a therapy has long history. This article describes the dramatic developmental trend of therapeutic antibody technology and their significant role for treatment of leukemia-lymphoma at the current time. The therapeutic Mab technology development from murine (mouse origin) to fully human resulted in low immunogenicity and high quality Mabs. Chemotherapy is standard care for leukemialymphoma treatments. However, it is associated with high toxicities (side effects), painful and relatively ineffective against certain leukemia-lymphoma subtypes. The remarkable contribution of Von Behring, Paul Ehrlich and the discovery of hybridoma technology marked the beginning of antibodies for therapeutic applications. Rituximab is the first Mab approved by Food and Drug Administration against B-cell malignancies. Today, a number of effective Mabs targeting leukemia and lymphoma were approved and successfully developed. The Mab therapeutic phenomena in the body (also called war in the blood) has various mechanism of cations. In recent years, Mab against leukemialymphoma achieved significantly therapeutic outcomes, eventually this led to traditional chemotherapy treatment free era. We also reviewed that, the therapeutic efficacy of Mabs against leukemia-lymphoma as compared antibody alone and antibody conjugated with potent chemotherapy or cytotoxic drugs. This article extends our understanding of advancements in therapeutic Mabs technology and provides new insights of Mab leukemia-lymphomas therapy. We also encourage further more studies for Mab based diagnostics, treatments of leukemia and lymphomas.