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Anxiety and Depression in Children with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome

Yue Yuan1*, Wei Shao1 , Hongxia Li1 , Lu Gao1 , Zhenhui Han2

Objective: To explore the significance of anxiety and depression in children with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS).

Study design: The study enrolled seventy-one children diagnosed as POTS in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and Kaifeng Children’s Hospital, aged 13 ± 2 years; The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Hamilton Depression (HAMD) scale, and the Hamilton Anxiety (HAMA) scale were carried out in POTS children. The POTS children were divided into two groups: anxiety/depression group and non-anxiety/depression group according to the above scales scores. Heart Rate (HR), and Blood Pressure (BP) were monitored by a Dash 2000 Multi-Lead Physiological Monitor.

Results: Twenty POTS children consisted of anxiety/depression group. Twelve were girls and eight were boys, with mean age of 14 ± 2 years. The non-anxiety/depression group included fifty-one POTS children, aged 12 ± 2 years. Twenty-six were girls and twenty-five were boys. There were no statically differences in weight, gender, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and HR in supine. The age and height of anxiety/depression group were higher than that in non- anxiety/depression group. The maximum HR (HRmax) in ten minutes of upright position or tilt, the change of HR from supine to upright position (Δ HR), symptom scores in anxiety/depression group were significantly higher than that in non-anxiety/depression group. Four scale scores were correlated with symptom scores and ΔHR. Multivariate general linear model analysis revealed that HAMD scores and SAS scores were closely associated with the OI symptom scores.

Conclusion: Anxiety and depression emotion might be involved in the pathogenesis of POTS.